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Rough driving behavior can significantly lead to a higher risk of vehicle damage. This type of driving often includes actions such as abrupt acceleration, hard braking, and aggressive cornering, which can put excessive strain on various components of the vehicle. This strain can result in accelerated wear and tear of parts like brakes, tires, suspension, and the overall drivetrain. Over time, this can lead to costly repairs or even breakdowns if not addressed. Additionally, rough driving can contribute to misalignment and other mechanical issues, adversely affecting the vehicle's reliability and safety.

In contrast, the other options suggest outcomes that are not typically associated with rough driving. Enhanced vehicle performance and improved fuel economy are more likely achieved through smooth and controlled driving practices. Increased comfort while driving is also a result of steady handling rather than erratic maneuvers. Therefore, the conclusion that rough driving increases the risk of vehicle damage is well-founded based on how vehicle mechanics function under strain.