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Brake fade occurs when the braking system becomes less effective due to excessive heat, which can happen when the brakes are applied continuously or with considerable force. As the brakes are used, the components, such as the brake pads and rotors, generate heat through friction. When this heat builds up to a certain point, the brake pads can lose their ability to create friction effectively, leading to a significant reduction in braking power.

This phenomenon can be exacerbated in situations such as downhill driving, where sustained braking is needed to control the vehicle's speed, or in high-speed driving conditions. Proper maintenance and awareness of brake system components help mitigate brake fade and maintain safe braking performance.